(USSR)

Notes: Mounted on the chassis of an MT-LB amphibious APC, this 2D doppler radar was introduced in 1971. It is used to spot incoming and outgoing artillery fire, and track helicopters and low-flying aircraft. It's performance in tracking artillery shells was reportedly less than expected, and it's main function now is to accurately pinpoint a ranging shot from friendly artillery. "Big Fred" can accurately (+/- 50') range a 100mm artillery shell's explosion at 6.5 miles. In flat terrain, enemy vehicles can be spotted at 8 miles. There is also a scanning mode, in which the radar is left on and alerts the operator if a moving ground object is detected. The system is reportedly very training-intense, and during the first Chechen war, Russian Fedaration units had a hard time keeping “Big Fred” units operational due to a shortage of skilled operators. 1RL-232 is apparently the designation for the radar only; SNAR-10 is the entire vehicle. The system takes about 10-11 minutes to transition from traveling mode to ready-status. Max speed in water is 2.5kts. In Russian Federation service, it has been largely replaced by the digital "Zoo Park" system.

Combat usage: “Big Fred” was used during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Iran-Iraq war, Desert Storm, the breakup of Yugoslavia, and both conflicts in Chechnya. Ethnic Serb irregular forces employed the system during the siege of Sarajevo, although their lack of training rendered in fairly useless. The system was again deployed during the Kosovo conflict.

Users: USSR/Russia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Poland, Syria, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia/Serbia